INTRO – Ships transforming into ocean reefs

This introductory video explains how biofouling forms on ship hulls, beginning with bacteria and biofilm and develop into complex underwater ecosystems of algae and shellfish. It highlights the environmental and economic impacts, such as higher fuel consumption, CO₂ emissions, and the spread of invasive species. Serving as a general introduction, the video sets the stage for the following expert-led videos that dive deeper into sustainable biofouling management solutions.